Particularly, mao zedong, the then chairman of the chinese. Kindle file format mao and the perpetual revolution. In the most recent period since mao s death and the gang of fours ouster in the fall of 1976, there has been a return to pragmatism with the radical policies and stress on political goals of the cultural revolution period giving way to a renewed emphasis on developing professional and technical skills. Maos revolution and the chinese political culture cep. Part of mao s comeback in the cultural revolution was fueled by a small red book of his sayings. Chinese acted irrationally in the cultural revolution 196669. Pdf mao zedong and the chinese cultural revolution in the. Ke y i d e a c o n c e p tu a l u n d e r sta n d i n g c o n te n t s p e c i fi c a ti o n o b j e c ti ve s 1 0.
Mao zedong was the foremost chinese communist leader of the 20th century and the. Cultural revolution simple english wikipedia, the free. China was feeling the pressure of imperialism and many scholars, government officials, and others were pushing for modernizing reforms. Led by the working class and the communist party, and united as one. He urged the creation of corps of red guards to punish party officials and any other persons who showed bourgeois tendencies. The cultural revolution was a sociopolitical movement in china that began in 1966 with mao zedong, the leader of the chinese communist party, denouncing the old capitalistic and traditional ways. Those activities, however, were regarded even by their protagonists, and still.
Mao zedong jiang jieshi commune red guards cultural revolution 2 setting the stagein world war ii, china fought on the side of the victorious allies. In august 1966, mao zedong called for the start of a cultural revolution at the plenum of the communist central committee. The argument was established that the cr was a form of collective madness, or simply a smokescreen for brutal power. The communist party was split between mao s partners and deng xiaopings partners. China was caught up in the proletariat cultural revolution. The days of national disunity and turmoil which the people detested have gone for ever. Mao zedong was born on december 26, 1893 in a small village. Important documents of the great proletarian cultural revolution in china. Mao zedong, the great leap forward, and the cultural revolution n y s s o c i a l s tu d i e s f r a m e w o r k al i g n m e n t.
Decision concerning the great proletarian cultural revolution. When mao saw edgar snow after the cultural revolution he confessed that the chinese people had probably gone too far in attributing magical power to his thoughts, but then he added that there are times when there is a need for a personality cult, and that in human. The most fundamental task in the great socialist cultural revolution in our country is to eliminate thoroughly the old ideology and culture, the. Indeed, whenever the situation called for a shift in orientation within. Chairman mao documentary the cultural revolution destruction. Mao zedong and his contemporary supporters, claimed that the cr was a step toward socialist utopia. Mao tse tung was creating this controversy in order to gain control over the country. The foreign ministry and foreign affairs in chinas cultural revolution.
He shut down chinas schools, and during the following. A historiographical study in 1965, mao zedong believed that his socialist campaign was being threatened by liu shaoqi and his comrades who, in mao s eyes, were traitors to the revolution because they shied away from a genuine mass movement. He wanted to ensure that the desire for a communist government would remain strong in. The largescale publication of quotations from chairman mao tsetung is a vital measure for enabling the broad masses to grasp mao tsetungs thought and. Mao then tried to get support from young people in china by creating the book quotations from chairman mao zedong also known as the little red book, a collection of mao s sayings. Tse tung, and his collection of alternative cultural revolution genius.
The political legacy of violence during china cultural. Rhetoric and ritual in chinas cultural revolution mao zedongs political and cultural legacy remains potent even in todays china. Since the beginning of the cultural revolution, these have been the only words spoken by mao directly to the public below the rostrum of the tienanmen. Mao was born at a time of great social, political, and cultural change. The overthrown bourgeoisie tries by hook or by crook to use literature and arts to corrupt the masses, thus paving the way for a capitalist restoration. Regardless of the depth of the research, this conclusion is not completely certain, as there is a lack of. Lessons from the cultural revolution rand corporation.
In 1972, the gang of four rose to power and the cultural revolution continued. He wanted to ensure that the desire for a communist government would remain strong in the country long after his death. May 04, 2016 the chaos and brutality of the cultural revolution, unleashed by mao zedong 50 years ago, have received little public examination in china. It is estimated that during those years altogether 5 billion copies of the collected mao sayings were. Appearing at a gathering at the yangtze river in may, the 73yearold mao swam for. The cultural revolution was an emotionallycharged political awakening for. This report was declassified in 2007 40 years after its preparation. The cultural revolution damaged chinas economy and traditional culture, with an estimated death toll ranging from hundreds of thousands to 20 million. Cultural revolution on the following occupational groups in chinese soci ety. The decision concerning the great proletarian revolution the sixteen pointsalthough the bourgeoisie has been overthrown, it is still trying to use the old ideas, culture, customs and habits of the exploiting classes to corrupt the masses, capture their minds and endeavor to stage a comeback. M 912 or by appointment 1967, scatter the old world, build a new world, dasui jiu shijie, chuangli xin shijie. Dengs program as firmly correcting mao s mistakes, particularly the cultural revolution, but nevertheless growing organically out of mao zedong thought. Initiated by mao zedong in 1966, the chinese cultural revolution is one of the greatest tragedies of the modern world. Cia, maos cultural revolution origins and development.
They were a group of young people in china that went around teaching mao s sayings. Aside from the general revolutionary hightide that swept china, the period was marked by a large number of subcampaigns. May 01, 1997 carry the revolution through to the end 27k 1949 on the war criminals suing for peace 15k statement on the present situation by mao tsetung, chairman of the central committee of the communist party of china k comment by the spokesman for the communist party of china on the resolution of the nanking executive yuan 8k. Once the worlds people master mao tsetungs thought,which is living marxismleninism, they are sure to win their emancipation, bury imperialism, modern revisionism and all reactionaries lock, stock and barrel, and realize communism throughout the world step by step. The chinese revolution perspectives on mao zedong, the ccp and the prc historical assessments of mao zedong mao tsetung, the chinese communist party ccp and the peoples republic of china prc can be divided into five loose groups. The movement that became known as the great proletarian cultural revolution represented an attempt by mao to go beyond the party rectification campaignsof which there had been many since 1942and to devise a new and more radical method for dealing with what he saw as the bureaucratic degeneration of the party. Read download the cultural revolution pdf pdf download. The great proletarian cultural revolution bannedthought. Source a1 this speech was taken from long live mao tsetung thought, a red guards publication, on april 28, 1966.
Mao s concerns about bourgeois infiltrators in his party and governmentthose not sharing his vision of communismwere outlined in a chinese communist party central committee document issued on may 16, 1966. Come up with at least three reasons to justify your position. Communists take power in china north hunterdonvoorhees. Bridgham published a versions of this in the china quarterly.
Chairman mao is the radiant sun lighting our minds. Hu angangs mao and the cultural revolution provides a unique perspective and objective assessment of the progression of the cultural revolution, focusing on the intraparty politics, the politburos international outlook, and the political thought of the chinese leadership that shaped these pivotal decades. Mao zedongs 22 years in the wilderness can be divided into four phases. In 1966, mao tsetung made his political return and launched the cultural revolution. Here is the full text of the official document of the ccp to launch the cultural revolution. Party, state and economy in peoples republic of china, revision document past paper questions to what extent was the course of chinas post1949 history defined by the cultural revolution. Mao zedongs image and ideas consistently turn up in a myriad of cultural and political contexts. It depicts mao zedong, above a group of soldiers from the peoples liberation army. To mao zedong these policies, like many at that time, were revisionist and the work. Mao s little red book mao s little red book is a collection of mao tsetungs quotations that were used as a source of inspiration and guidance for members of the red guard during the cultural revolution. Cia, maos cultural revolution origins and development, oct. Deng xiaoping, jiang told the gathering, proves himself to be comrade mao zedongs loyal comradeinarms, as well as the most prominent heir to and developer of mao zedong thought. Mao zedong 1 18931976 mao zedong led chinas communist revolution in the 1920s and 1930s and became chairman chief of state of the peoples republic of china in 1949, an office he held until 1959. Central intelligence agency prepared a report on the forces leading to the launch of the cultural revolution and its first year.
Hold high the great red banner of mao zedong thought i courtesy of chinese posters. Quotations from chairman mao tsetung tse tung mao 1990. The most fundamental task in the great socialist cultural revolution in our country is to eliminate thoroughly the old ideology and culture, the old customs and habits which were fostered by all the exploiting classes for. Cultural revolution campaigns 19661976 chinese posters. After mao s death and the arrest of the gang of four in 1976, the cultural revolution finally came to an end. It was called the little red book and was made available to all.
As this maos revolution and the chinese political culture, it ends going on living thing one of the favored book maos. Chinese officialprimary sources official chinese history takes a proccp stance. How successful was maos attempt to reassert his authority. An illuminating study of mao tse tungs role in china and world communism.
Mao is the attributed author of quotations from chairman mao tsetung, known in the west as the little red book and in cultural revolution china as the red treasure book. After the fall of the gang of four, the communist party. Chinas great proletarian cultural revolution woei lien chong 2002. Introduction to the cultural revolution adapted from jonathan spence, the search for modern china, 2 0 0 1 the great proletarian cultural revolution, usually known s i mply as the cultural revolution or the great cultural revolution, was a complex social upheaval that began as a struggle between mao zedong and other top party leaders for. Cultural revolution was used by mao zedong to regain power after being shamed after the great leap forward and ceding some of his authority to his comrades liu shaoqi and deng xiaoping. In this great, stormy cultural revolution, the masses of workers, peasants and soldiers are playing the role of the main force this is the result of their efforts in creatively studying and applying mao tsetungs thought and arming their ideology with it. Feb 01, 2021 yang mentions a group of elderly writers in beijing who, in august, 1966, three months after mao formally launched the cultural revolution, were denounced as ox demons and snake spirits mao. During the war, japans armies had occupied and devastated most of chinas cities. Mao zedong was born on december 26, 1893 in a small. Hu angangs mao and the cultural revolution provides a unique perspective and objective assessment of the progression of the cultural revolution, focusing on the intraparty politics, the politburos international outlook, and the political thought of the chinese leadership that.
May 10, 2016 the great proletarian cultural revolution was a decadelong period of political and social chaos caused by mao zedongs bid to use the chinese masses to reassert his control over the communist. Chinese cultural revolution pamphlets university of sheffield. The cultural revolution, known in full as the great proletarian cultural revolution, was launched by mao zedong, the chairman of the communist party of china, as a means of quashing capitalism in china. But the victory proved to be a hollow one for china.
Pdf mao zedong and the chinese cultural revolution in. The political legacy of violence during china cultural revolution. Tsetung mao the little red book during chinas great cultural revolution from 1966 to 1976, the famous little red book, officially known as quotations of chairman mao zedong, was a musthave item for the chinese. Criticize the old world and build a new world with mao zedong thought as a weapon, 1966 the cultural revolution, wenhua dageming, 19661976 was a mass campaign of enormous dimensions. Once mao tsetungs thought is grasped by the broad masses, it becomes an inexhaustible source of strength and a spiritual atom bomb of infinite power.
The brilliance of mao tsetungs thought illuminates the whole world. After the catastrophic great leap forward, in which more than 20 million people died, chairman mao zedong decided to take a less active role in governing the. Initiated by mao zedong in 1966 and ending with his death in 1976, the cultural revolution caused 1. It presents the thesis that chinas lcultural revolution is in reality a political revolution designed by mao tsetung to test the entire apparatus of power party, government and army in communist china and to purge it of all found guilty of opposing his leadership and his programs. Cultural revolution 196676 group activity question. After the cultural revolution in 1966, the emphasis in early childhood education. The caption reads, the chinese peoples liberation army is the great school of mao zedong thought.
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